NEW YORK — Americans cut back on spending in February as cold weather and economic challenges chilled their appetite for spring merchandise.

The nation’s retailers on Thursday reported that sales slowed in February, a time when most stores get rid of winter merchandise and bring in swimsuits, ankle length pants and other spring fashions.

But Americans spent more judiciously during the month as they contended with an increase in the payroll tax of 2 percentage points, income tax refunds that came later than usual and rising gas prices.

Winter storms throughout much of the country in February also likely made spring merchandise less appealing to them.